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Tube-dwelling anemones or ceriantharians look very similar to sea anemones, but belong to an entirely different subclass of anthozoans. They are solitary, living buried in soft sediments. Tube anemones live and can withdraw into tubes, which are made of a fibrous material, which is made from secreted mucus and threads of nematocyst-like organelles, known as ptychocysts. Ceriantharians have a crown of tentacles that composed of two whorls of distinctly different sized tentacles. The outer whorl consists of large tentacles that extend outwards. These tentacles taper to points and are mostly used in food capture and defence. The smaller inner tentacles are held more erect than the larger lateral tentacles and are used for food manipulation and ingestion.〔Brusca, R.C. & Brusca, G.J. 2002. ''Invertebrates Second Edition'' Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-097-3〕 ==Taxonomy== ;Suborder Spirularia * Family Botrucnidiferidae Carlgren, 1912 * * Genus ''Angianthula'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Atractanthula'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Botracnidifer'' * * Genus ''Botruanthus'' * * Genus ''Botrucnidiata'' Leloup, 1932 * * Genus ''Botrucnidifer'' * * Genus ''Calpanthula'' * * Genus ''Cerianthula'' Beneden, 1898 * * Genus ''Gymnanthula'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Hensenanthula'' * * Genus ''Ovanthula'' * * Genus ''Sphaeranthula'' * Family Cerianthidae Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1852 * * Genus ''Anthoactis'' Leloup, 1932 * * Genus ''Apiactis'' Beneden, 1897 * * Genus ''Bursanthus'' Leloup, 1968 * * Genus ''Ceriantheomorphe'' Carlgren, 1931 * * Genus ''Ceriantheopsis'' Carlgren, 1912 * * Genus ''Cerianthus'' Delle Chiaje, 1830 * * Genus ''Engodactylactis'' Leloup, 1942 * * Genus ''Isodactylactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Nautanthus'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Pachycerianthus'' Roule, 1904 * * Genus ''Paradactylactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Parovactis'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Peponactis'' Van Beneden, 1897 * * Genus ''Plesiodactylactis'' Leloup, 1942 * * Genus ''Sacculactis'' Leloup, 1964 * * Genus ''Solasteractis'' Van Beneden, 1897 * * Genus ''Synarachnactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Syndactylactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Trichactis'' Leloup, 1964 ;Suborder Penicilaria * Family Arachnactidae McMurrich, 1910 * * Genus ''Anactinia'' Annandale, 1909 * * Genus ''Arachnactis'' Sars, 1846 * * Genus ''Arachnanthus'' Carlgren, 1912 * * Genus ''Dactylactis'' van Beneden, 1897 * * Genus ''Isapiactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Isarachnactis'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Isarachnanthus'' Carlgren, 1924 * * Genus ''Isovactis'' * * Genus ''Ovactis'' * * Genus ''Paranactinia'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tube-dwelling anemone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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